[Pw_forum] polarization spin versus non-spin

Nossa, Javier jnossa at carnegiescience.edu
Fri Feb 20 16:27:45 CET 2015


Dear pwscfers,
I am calculating the polarization of BaTiO3 and found a different value of
it when implementing spin-polarized, nspin=2.

non-spin-polarized gives P=-0.3340199 (mod 2.0077346) C/m^2, which is
correct.
spin-polarized gives P=0.6698526 (mod 1.0038673)  C/m^2, which is not
correct.

Although it seems to be just a factor of two difference in the absolute
value of the polarization, it is not exactly a factor of two. It is
2.0054...
In addition, the sign of the polarization is opposite.
On the other hand, the mod is exactly a factor of two.

Why there is such a difference in the polarization?

I am doing this as a test because my real system is magnetic and bigger
than BaTiO3.

Here are the inputs for the nscf calculation:

spin-polarized:
&control
    calculation='nscf'
    restart_mode='from_scratch',
    prefix='job',
    lberry        = .true.
    gdir          = 3
    nppstr        = 10
 /
&system
    ibrav= 0,
    celldm(1)=1.0,
    nat=  5, ntyp= 3,
    ecutwfc = 120,
    !occupations='smearing', smearing='gauss', degauss=0.003,
    !occupations='fixed',
    input_dft='wc'
    nspin=2,
    tot_magnetization= 0.0,
/
&electrons
/
ATOMIC_SPECIES
 Ba  137.327 Ba.wc-n-nc.UPF
 Ti  47.867 Ti.wc-n-nc.UPF
  O  15.9994 O.wc-nc.UPF
CELL_PARAMETERS (alat=1.0)
 7.54662 0.0 0.0
 0.0 7.54662 0.0
 0.0 0.0 7.74409
ATOMIC_POSITIONS {crystal}
Ba      0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Ti      0.50000 0.50000 0.48186
O       0.00000 0.50000 0.51791
O       0.50000 0.00000 0.51791
O       0.50000 0.50000 0.03133
K_POINTS {automatic}
4 4 4 0 0 0


non-spin-polarized:
&control
    calculation='nscf'
    restart_mode='from_scratch',
    prefix='job',
    lberry        = .true.
    gdir          = 3
    nppstr        = 10
 /
&system
    ibrav= 0,
    celldm(1)=1.0,
    nat=  5, ntyp= 3,
    ecutwfc = 120,
    !occupations='smearing', smearing='gauss', degauss=0.003,
    !occupations='fixed',
    input_dft='wc'
/
&electrons
/
ATOMIC_SPECIES
 Ba  137.327 Ba.wc-n-nc.UPF
 Ti  47.867 Ti.wc-n-nc.UPF
  O  15.9994 O.wc-nc.UPF
CELL_PARAMETERS (alat=1.0)
 7.54662 0.0 0.0
 0.0 7.54662 0.0
 0.0 0.0 7.74409
ATOMIC_POSITIONS {crystal}
Ba      0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Ti      0.50000 0.50000 0.48186
O       0.00000 0.50000 0.51791
O       0.50000 0.00000 0.51791
O       0.50000 0.50000 0.03133
K_POINTS {automatic}
4 4 4 0 0 0


Pseudopotentials are taken from THEOS PSLibrary 0.3.1.

Outputs are attached.


Thank you very much for your help.

-- 
With best regards,
Javier Francisco Nossa

Postdoc at Geophysical Laboratory
Carnegie Institution of Washington
5251 Broad Branch Road, N.W.
Washington, DC 20015-1305
Tel.: 1.240.476.3993
E-mail: jnossa at carnegiescience.edu <dappleby at ciw.edu>
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     Program PWSCF v.5.1 starts on 20Feb2015 at  9:16:19 

     This program is part of the open-source Quantum ESPRESSO suite
     for quantum simulation of materials; please cite
         "P. Giannozzi et al., J. Phys.:Condens. Matter 21 395502 (2009);
          URL http://www.quantum-espresso.org", 
     in publications or presentations arising from this work. More details at
     http://www.quantum-espresso.org/quote

     Parallel version (MPI), running on    16 processors
     R & G space division:  proc/nbgrp/npool/nimage =      16
     Waiting for input...
     Reading input from standard input

     Current dimensions of program PWSCF are:
     Max number of different atomic species (ntypx) = 10
     Max number of k-points (npk) =  40000
     Max angular momentum in pseudopotentials (lmaxx) =  3

     Atomic positions and unit cell read from directory:
     ./job.save/
 

     IMPORTANT: XC functional enforced from input :
     Exchange-correlation      = WC ( 1  4 11  4 0 0)
     Any further DFT definition will be discarded
     Please, verify this is what you really want


     Subspace diagonalization in iterative solution of the eigenvalue problem:
     a serial algorithm will be used

 
     Parallelization info
     --------------------
     sticks:   dense  smooth     PW     G-vecs:    dense   smooth      PW
     Min         136     136     41                 4890     4890     799
     Max         137     137     42                 4893     4893     802
     Sum        2185    2185    657                78255    78255   12797
 
     Generating pointlists ...
     new r_m :   0.4125 (alat units)  0.4125 (a.u.) for type    1
     new r_m :   0.4125 (alat units)  0.4125 (a.u.) for type    2
     new r_m :   0.4125 (alat units)  0.4125 (a.u.) for type    3


     bravais-lattice index     =            0
     lattice parameter (alat)  =       1.0000  a.u.
     unit-cell volume          =     441.0373 (a.u.)^3
     number of atoms/cell      =            5
     number of atomic types    =            3
     number of electrons       =        24.00 (up:  12.00, down:  12.00)
     number of Kohn-Sham states=           12
     kinetic-energy cutoff     =     120.0000  Ry
     charge density cutoff     =     480.0000  Ry
     Exchange-correlation      = WC ( 1  4 11  4 0 0)

     celldm(1)=   1.000000  celldm(2)=   0.000000  celldm(3)=   0.000000
     celldm(4)=   0.000000  celldm(5)=   0.000000  celldm(6)=   0.000000

     crystal axes: (cart. coord. in units of alat)
               a(1) = (   7.546620   0.000000   0.000000 )  
               a(2) = (   0.000000   7.546620   0.000000 )  
               a(3) = (   0.000000   0.000000   7.744090 )  

     reciprocal axes: (cart. coord. in units 2 pi/alat)
               b(1) = (  0.132510  0.000000  0.000000 )  
               b(2) = (  0.000000  0.132510  0.000000 )  
               b(3) = (  0.000000  0.000000  0.129131 )  


     PseudoPot. # 1 for Ba read from file:
     /home/jnossa/espresso/pseudo/Ba.wc-n-nc.UPF
     MD5 check sum: 8746e40c9c6443e2ef960f47dc8e495d
     Pseudo is Norm-conserving + core correction, Zval =  2.0
     Generated using "atomic" code by A. Dal Corso  v.5.0.99 svn rev. 10869
     Using radial grid of 1251 points,  1 beta functions with: 
                l(1) =   1

     PseudoPot. # 2 for Ti read from file:
     /home/jnossa/espresso/pseudo/Ti.wc-n-nc.UPF
     MD5 check sum: 85cf8c4833572bfd2ef266033862e948
     Pseudo is Norm-conserving + core correction, Zval =  4.0
     Generated using "atomic" code by A. Dal Corso  v.5.0.99 svn rev. 10869
     Using radial grid of 1177 points,  2 beta functions with: 
                l(1) =   1
                l(2) =   2

     PseudoPot. # 3 for  O read from file:
     /home/jnossa/espresso/pseudo/O.wc-nc.UPF
     MD5 check sum: 1b5e8f322202f34ecc2b8bf4f00d56de
     Pseudo is Norm-conserving, Zval =  6.0
     Generated using "atomic" code by A. Dal Corso  v.5.0.99 svn rev. 10869
     Using radial grid of 1095 points,  1 beta functions with: 
                l(1) =   1

     atomic species   valence    mass     pseudopotential
        Ba             2.00   137.32700     Ba( 1.00)
        Ti             4.00    47.86700     Ti( 1.00)
        O              6.00    15.99940      O( 1.00)

     Starting magnetic structure 
     atomic species   magnetization
        Ba           0.000
        Ti           0.000
        O            0.000

     No symmetry found



   Cartesian axes

     site n.     atom                  positions (alat units)
         1           Ba  tau(   1) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0000000  )
         2           Ti  tau(   2) = (   3.7733100   3.7733100   3.7315672  )
         3           O   tau(   3) = (   0.0000000   3.7733100   4.0107417  )
         4           O   tau(   4) = (   3.7733100   0.0000000   4.0107417  )
         5           O   tau(   5) = (   3.7733100   3.7733100   0.2426223  )

     number of k points=   120

     Number of k-points >= 100: set verbosity='high' to print them.

     Dense  grid:    78255 G-vectors     FFT dimensions: (  54,  54,  60)

     Largest allocated arrays     est. size (Mb)     dimensions
        Kohn-Sham Wavefunctions         0.12 Mb     (     630,   12)
        NL pseudopotentials             0.19 Mb     (     630,   20)
        Each V/rho on FFT grid          0.36 Mb     (   11664,   2)
        Each G-vector array             0.04 Mb     (    4892)
        G-vector shells                 0.01 Mb     (    1916)
     Largest temporary arrays     est. size (Mb)     dimensions
        Auxiliary wavefunctions         0.46 Mb     (     630,   48)
        Each subspace H/S matrix        0.04 Mb     (      48,   48)
        Each <psi_i|beta_j> matrix      0.00 Mb     (      20,   12)

     The potential is recalculated from file :
     ./job.save/charge-density.dat

     Starting wfc are   25 randomized atomic wfcs

     Band Structure Calculation
     Davidson diagonalization with overlap

     ethr =  4.17E-09,  avg # of iterations = 13.8

     total cpu time spent up to now is       29.9 secs

     End of band structure calculation

     Number of k-points >= 100: set verbosity='high' to print the bands.

     highest occupied level (ev):     5.8310



               ==================================================
                            POLARIZATION CALCULATION
                         !!! NOT THOROUGHLY TESTED !!!
               --------------------------------------------------


                     K-POINTS STRINGS USED IN CALCULATIONS
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

       G-vector along string (2 pi/a):  0.00000  0.00000  0.12913
       Modulus of the vector (1/bohr):  0.81135
       Number of k-points per string:  10
       Number of different strings  :   6


                               IONIC POLARIZATION
                               ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        Note: (mod 1) means that the phases (angles ranging from
        -pi to pi) have been mapped to the interval [-1/2,+1/2) by
        dividing by 2*pi; (mod 2) refers to the interval [-1,+1)

  ============================================================================
    Ion    Species    Charge              Position                Phase
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1        Ba       2.000       0.0000  0.0000  0.0000     0.00000 (mod 2)
     2        Ti       4.000       3.7733  3.7733  3.7316    -0.07256 (mod 2)
     3        O        6.000       0.0000  3.7733  4.0107    -0.89254 (mod 2)
     4        O        6.000       3.7733  0.0000  4.0107    -0.89254 (mod 2)
     5        O        6.000       3.7733  3.7733  0.2426     0.18798 (mod 2)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               IONIC PHASE:   0.33034 (mod 2)
  ============================================================================


                            ELECTRONIC POLARIZATION
                            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        Note: (mod 1) means that the phases (angles ranging from
        -pi to pi) have been mapped to the interval [-1/2,+1/2) by
        dividing by 2*pi; (mod 2) refers to the interval [-1,+1)

  ============================================================================
   Spin    String     Weight      First k-point in string         Phase
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    up        1      0.062500      0.0000  0.0000  0.0000    -0.42177 (mod 1)
    up        2      0.250000      0.0000  0.0331  0.0000    -0.36716 (mod 1)
    up        3      0.125000      0.0000 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.34242 (mod 1)
    up        4      0.250000      0.0331  0.0331  0.0000    -0.31806 (mod 1)
    up        5      0.250000      0.0331 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.29548 (mod 1)
    up        6      0.062500     -0.0663 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.27514 (mod 1)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   down      7       0.062500      0.0000  0.0000  0.0000    -0.42178 (mod 1)
   down      8       0.250000      0.0000  0.0331  0.0000    -0.36716 (mod 1)
   down      9       0.125000      0.0000 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.34242 (mod 1)
   down     10       0.250000      0.0331  0.0331  0.0000    -0.31806 (mod 1)
   down     11       0.250000      0.0331 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.29548 (mod 1)
   down     12       0.062500     -0.0663 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.27513 (mod 1)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Average phase (up):  -0.33153 (mod 1)
                                      Average phase (down):  -0.33153 (mod 1)
                                          ELECTRONIC PHASE:   0.33693 (mod 1)
  ============================================================================


                               SUMMARY OF PHASES
                               ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

                          Ionic Phase:  0.33034 (mod 2)
                     Electronic Phase:  0.33693 (mod 1)
                          TOTAL PHASE:  0.66727 (mod 1)


                             VALUES OF POLARIZATION
                             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        The calculation of phases done along the direction of vector 3
        of the reciprocal lattice gives the following contribution to
        the polarization vector (in different units, and being Omega
        the volume of the unit cell):

           P =   5.1674151  (mod   7.7440900)  (e/Omega).bohr

           P =   0.0117165  (mod   0.0175588)  e/bohr^2

           P =   0.6698526  (mod   1.0038673)  C/m^2

        The polarization direction is:  ( 0.00000 , 0.00000 , 1.00000 )


               ==================================================



     Writing output data file job.save
 
     init_run     :      0.55s CPU      0.68s WALL (       1 calls)
     electrons    :     25.84s CPU     29.08s WALL (       1 calls)

     Called by init_run:
     wfcinit      :      0.00s CPU      0.02s WALL (       1 calls)
     potinit      :      0.08s CPU      0.09s WALL (       1 calls)

     Called by electrons:
     c_bands      :     25.45s CPU     28.65s WALL (       1 calls)
     v_of_rho     :      0.05s CPU      0.05s WALL (       1 calls)

     Called by c_bands:
     init_us_2    :      0.04s CPU      0.05s WALL (     120 calls)
     cegterg      :     21.70s CPU     21.85s WALL (     120 calls)

     Called by *egterg:
     h_psi        :     19.70s CPU     19.95s WALL (    1900 calls)
     g_psi        :      0.25s CPU      0.29s WALL (    1660 calls)
     cdiaghg      :      1.84s CPU      1.72s WALL (    1780 calls)

     Called by h_psi:
     add_vuspsi   :      0.39s CPU      0.42s WALL (    1900 calls)

     General routines
     calbec       :      0.44s CPU      0.54s WALL (    1900 calls)
     fft          :      0.03s CPU      0.06s WALL (      19 calls)
     fftw         :     17.61s CPU     17.75s WALL (   39602 calls)
     davcio       :      0.01s CPU      2.89s WALL (     336 calls)
 
     Parallel routines
     fft_scatter  :      6.63s CPU      7.12s WALL (   39621 calls)
 
     PWSCF        :    27.40s CPU        31.86s WALL

 
   This run was terminated on:   9:16:51  20Feb2015            

=------------------------------------------------------------------------------=
   JOB DONE.
=------------------------------------------------------------------------------=

-------------- next part --------------
     Program PWSCF v.5.1 starts on 20Feb2015 at  9:13: 1 

     This program is part of the open-source Quantum ESPRESSO suite
     for quantum simulation of materials; please cite
         "P. Giannozzi et al., J. Phys.:Condens. Matter 21 395502 (2009);
          URL http://www.quantum-espresso.org", 
     in publications or presentations arising from this work. More details at
     http://www.quantum-espresso.org/quote

     Parallel version (MPI), running on    16 processors
     R & G space division:  proc/nbgrp/npool/nimage =      16
     Waiting for input...
     Reading input from standard input

     Current dimensions of program PWSCF are:
     Max number of different atomic species (ntypx) = 10
     Max number of k-points (npk) =  40000
     Max angular momentum in pseudopotentials (lmaxx) =  3

     Atomic positions and unit cell read from directory:
     ./job.save/
 

     IMPORTANT: XC functional enforced from input :
     Exchange-correlation      = WC ( 1  4 11  4 0 0)
     Any further DFT definition will be discarded
     Please, verify this is what you really want


     Subspace diagonalization in iterative solution of the eigenvalue problem:
     a serial algorithm will be used

 
     Parallelization info
     --------------------
     sticks:   dense  smooth     PW     G-vecs:    dense   smooth      PW
     Min         136     136     41                 4890     4890     799
     Max         137     137     42                 4893     4893     802
     Sum        2185    2185    657                78255    78255   12797
 


     bravais-lattice index     =            0
     lattice parameter (alat)  =       1.0000  a.u.
     unit-cell volume          =     441.0373 (a.u.)^3
     number of atoms/cell      =            5
     number of atomic types    =            3
     number of electrons       =        24.00
     number of Kohn-Sham states=           12
     kinetic-energy cutoff     =     120.0000  Ry
     charge density cutoff     =     480.0000  Ry
     Exchange-correlation      = WC ( 1  4 11  4 0 0)

     celldm(1)=   1.000000  celldm(2)=   0.000000  celldm(3)=   0.000000
     celldm(4)=   0.000000  celldm(5)=   0.000000  celldm(6)=   0.000000

     crystal axes: (cart. coord. in units of alat)
               a(1) = (   7.546620   0.000000   0.000000 )  
               a(2) = (   0.000000   7.546620   0.000000 )  
               a(3) = (   0.000000   0.000000   7.744090 )  

     reciprocal axes: (cart. coord. in units 2 pi/alat)
               b(1) = (  0.132510  0.000000  0.000000 )  
               b(2) = (  0.000000  0.132510  0.000000 )  
               b(3) = (  0.000000  0.000000  0.129131 )  


     PseudoPot. # 1 for Ba read from file:
     /home/jnossa/espresso/pseudo/Ba.wc-n-nc.UPF
     MD5 check sum: 8746e40c9c6443e2ef960f47dc8e495d
     Pseudo is Norm-conserving + core correction, Zval =  2.0
     Generated using "atomic" code by A. Dal Corso  v.5.0.99 svn rev. 10869
     Using radial grid of 1251 points,  1 beta functions with: 
                l(1) =   1

     PseudoPot. # 2 for Ti read from file:
     /home/jnossa/espresso/pseudo/Ti.wc-n-nc.UPF
     MD5 check sum: 85cf8c4833572bfd2ef266033862e948
     Pseudo is Norm-conserving + core correction, Zval =  4.0
     Generated using "atomic" code by A. Dal Corso  v.5.0.99 svn rev. 10869
     Using radial grid of 1177 points,  2 beta functions with: 
                l(1) =   1
                l(2) =   2

     PseudoPot. # 3 for  O read from file:
     /home/jnossa/espresso/pseudo/O.wc-nc.UPF
     MD5 check sum: 1b5e8f322202f34ecc2b8bf4f00d56de
     Pseudo is Norm-conserving, Zval =  6.0
     Generated using "atomic" code by A. Dal Corso  v.5.0.99 svn rev. 10869
     Using radial grid of 1095 points,  1 beta functions with: 
                l(1) =   1

     atomic species   valence    mass     pseudopotential
        Ba             2.00   137.32700     Ba( 1.00)
        Ti             4.00    47.86700     Ti( 1.00)
        O              6.00    15.99940      O( 1.00)

     No symmetry found



   Cartesian axes

     site n.     atom                  positions (alat units)
         1           Ba  tau(   1) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0000000  )
         2           Ti  tau(   2) = (   3.7733100   3.7733100   3.7315672  )
         3           O   tau(   3) = (   0.0000000   3.7733100   4.0107417  )
         4           O   tau(   4) = (   3.7733100   0.0000000   4.0107417  )
         5           O   tau(   5) = (   3.7733100   3.7733100   0.2426223  )

     number of k points=    60
                       cart. coord. in units 2pi/alat
        k(    1) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0000000), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    2) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0143479), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    3) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0286957), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    4) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0430436), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    5) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0573914), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    6) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0717393), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    7) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.0860872), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    8) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.1004350), wk =   0.0125000
        k(    9) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.1147829), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   10) = (   0.0000000   0.0000000   0.1291307), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   11) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0000000), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   12) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0143479), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   13) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0286957), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   14) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0430436), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   15) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0573914), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   16) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0717393), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   17) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.0860872), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   18) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.1004350), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   19) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.1147829), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   20) = (   0.0000000   0.0331274   0.1291307), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   21) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0000000), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   22) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0143479), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   23) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0286957), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   24) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0430436), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   25) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0573914), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   26) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0717393), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   27) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.0860872), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   28) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.1004350), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   29) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.1147829), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   30) = (   0.0000000  -0.0662548   0.1291307), wk =   0.0250000
        k(   31) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0000000), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   32) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0143479), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   33) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0286957), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   34) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0430436), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   35) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0573914), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   36) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0717393), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   37) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.0860872), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   38) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.1004350), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   39) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.1147829), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   40) = (   0.0331274   0.0331274   0.1291307), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   41) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0000000), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   42) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0143479), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   43) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0286957), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   44) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0430436), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   45) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0573914), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   46) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0717393), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   47) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.0860872), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   48) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.1004350), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   49) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.1147829), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   50) = (   0.0331274  -0.0662548   0.1291307), wk =   0.0500000
        k(   51) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0000000), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   52) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0143479), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   53) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0286957), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   54) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0430436), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   55) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0573914), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   56) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0717393), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   57) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.0860872), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   58) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.1004350), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   59) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.1147829), wk =   0.0125000
        k(   60) = (  -0.0662548  -0.0662548   0.1291307), wk =   0.0125000

     Dense  grid:    78255 G-vectors     FFT dimensions: (  54,  54,  60)

     Largest allocated arrays     est. size (Mb)     dimensions
        Kohn-Sham Wavefunctions         0.12 Mb     (     630,   12)
        NL pseudopotentials             0.19 Mb     (     630,   20)
        Each V/rho on FFT grid          0.18 Mb     (   11664)
        Each G-vector array             0.04 Mb     (    4892)
        G-vector shells                 0.01 Mb     (    1916)
     Largest temporary arrays     est. size (Mb)     dimensions
        Auxiliary wavefunctions         0.46 Mb     (     630,   48)
        Each subspace H/S matrix        0.04 Mb     (      48,   48)
        Each <psi_i|beta_j> matrix      0.00 Mb     (      20,   12)

     The potential is recalculated from file :
     ./job.save/charge-density.dat

     Starting wfc are   25 randomized atomic wfcs

     Band Structure Calculation
     Davidson diagonalization with overlap

     ethr =  4.17E-09,  avg # of iterations = 13.8

     total cpu time spent up to now is       15.9 secs

     End of band structure calculation

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 (  9803 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.4633 -10.3724 -10.2576   2.9717   3.0331   3.0331   4.4474   4.4474
     4.6795   5.2115   5.3827   5.3827

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0143 (  9795 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.4016 -10.3653 -10.2554   2.8157   3.0368   3.0368   4.3364   4.3364
     4.6389   4.9238   5.3711   5.3711

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0287 (  9795 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.2335 -10.3582 -10.2498   2.4355   3.0525   3.0525   4.0770   4.0770
     4.3313   4.5386   5.3432   5.3432

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0430 (  9831 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.0069 -10.3836 -10.2433   2.0239   3.0884   3.0884   3.7982   3.7984
     3.7984   4.4286   5.3133   5.3133

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0574 (  9767 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.8051 -10.4522 -10.2391   1.7652   3.1365   3.1365   3.5006   3.6063
     3.6063   4.3590   5.2945   5.2945

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0717 (  9767 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.8051 -10.4522 -10.2391   1.7652   3.1365   3.1365   3.5006   3.6063
     3.6063   4.3590   5.2945   5.2945

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.0861 (  9831 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.0069 -10.3836 -10.2433   2.0239   3.0884   3.0884   3.7982   3.7984
     3.7984   4.4286   5.3133   5.3133

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.1004 (  9795 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.2335 -10.3582 -10.2498   2.4355   3.0525   3.0525   4.0770   4.0770
     4.3313   4.5386   5.3432   5.3432

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.1148 (  9795 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.4016 -10.3653 -10.2554   2.8157   3.0368   3.0368   4.3364   4.3364
     4.6389   4.9238   5.3711   5.3711

          k = 0.0000 0.0000 0.1291 (  9803 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.4633 -10.3724 -10.2576   2.9717   3.0331   3.0331   4.4474   4.4474
     4.6795   5.2115   5.3827   5.3827

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0000 (  9796 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.1640 -10.3459 -10.2276   2.3700   3.0267   3.0812   3.7343   4.1432
     4.4785   4.5382   4.9091   5.0961

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0143 (  9766 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.1155 -10.3395 -10.2248   2.3328   2.8668   3.0855   3.5466   4.0784
     4.4756   4.6857   4.8505   4.9460

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0287 (  9776 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.9860 -10.3330 -10.2139   2.1832   2.5731   3.1027   3.1408   3.9020
     4.4172   4.6484   4.7374   5.0093

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0430 (  9800 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.8209 -10.3408 -10.2019   1.9198   2.3134   2.7930   3.1419   3.6799
     4.2736   4.6468   4.6515   5.1268

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0574 (  9784 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6933 -10.3578 -10.2003   1.7223   2.1080   2.6678   3.2007   3.5040
     4.2062   4.6003   4.6622   5.1666

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0717 (  9784 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6933 -10.3578 -10.2003   1.7223   2.1080   2.6678   3.2007   3.5040
     4.2062   4.6003   4.6622   5.1666

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.0861 (  9800 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.8209 -10.3408 -10.2019   1.9198   2.3134   2.7930   3.1419   3.6799
     4.2736   4.6468   4.6515   5.1268

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.1004 (  9776 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.9860 -10.3330 -10.2139   2.1832   2.5731   3.1027   3.1408   3.9020
     4.4172   4.6484   4.7374   5.0093

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.1148 (  9766 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.1155 -10.3395 -10.2248   2.3328   2.8668   3.0855   3.5466   4.0784
     4.4756   4.6857   4.8505   4.9460

          k = 0.0000 0.0331 0.1291 (  9796 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -11.1640 -10.3459 -10.2276   2.3700   3.0267   3.0812   3.7343   4.1432
     4.4785   4.5382   4.9091   5.0961

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0000 (  9822 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7741 -10.3181 -10.2821   1.7466   3.1442   3.1822   3.2110   3.6827
     3.7724   4.3316   4.7238   4.9810

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0143 (  9802 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7486 -10.3224 -10.2592   1.7377   2.7498   3.0592   3.2157   3.6576
     4.0011   4.5508   4.6242   4.8133

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0287 (  9814 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6929 -10.3223 -10.2013   1.7062   2.2066   2.6934   3.2292   3.5946
     4.2034   4.3989   4.5685   5.0140

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0430 (  9772 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6533 -10.2941 -10.1358   1.6284   1.7894   2.2739   3.2488   3.5235
     4.1738   4.3645   4.4585   5.3853

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0574 (  9766 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6436 -10.2571 -10.0933   1.5122   1.5668   2.0652   3.2654   3.4775
     4.0375   4.4313   4.4630   5.5704

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0717 (  9766 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6436 -10.2571 -10.0933   1.5122   1.5668   2.0652   3.2654   3.4775
     4.0375   4.4313   4.4630   5.5704

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.0861 (  9772 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6533 -10.2941 -10.1358   1.6284   1.7894   2.2739   3.2488   3.5235
     4.1738   4.3645   4.4585   5.3853

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.1004 (  9814 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6929 -10.3223 -10.2013   1.7062   2.2066   2.6934   3.2292   3.5946
     4.2034   4.3989   4.5685   5.0140

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.1148 (  9802 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7486 -10.3224 -10.2592   1.7377   2.7498   3.0592   3.2157   3.6576
     4.0011   4.5508   4.6242   4.8133

          k = 0.0000-0.0663 0.1291 (  9822 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7741 -10.3181 -10.2821   1.7466   3.1442   3.1822   3.2110   3.6827
     3.7724   4.3316   4.7238   4.9810

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0000 (  9799 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.9473 -10.3289 -10.1724   2.1201   2.6383   3.0214   3.0870   3.7117
     3.9182   4.6444   4.9017   5.2401

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0143 (  9783 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.9053 -10.3221 -10.1786   2.0865   2.6374   2.8917   3.1090   3.5520
     3.7627   4.7847   4.8682   5.2339

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0287 (  9802 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7932 -10.3097 -10.1943   1.9947   2.6136   2.6315   3.1138   3.2754
     3.3437   4.9268   5.0022   5.2227

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0430 (  9785 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6490 -10.3102 -10.2121   1.8594   2.2983   2.6138   2.8016   3.0627
     3.3149   5.0049   5.1241   5.2312

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0574 (  9777 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.5311 -10.3330 -10.2237   1.7153   2.1053   2.5906   2.6257   2.9626
     3.3704   5.0349   5.1478   5.2595

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0717 (  9777 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.5311 -10.3330 -10.2237   1.7153   2.1053   2.5906   2.6257   2.9626
     3.3704   5.0349   5.1478   5.2595

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.0861 (  9785 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6490 -10.3102 -10.2121   1.8594   2.2983   2.6138   2.8016   3.0627
     3.3149   5.0049   5.1241   5.2312

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.1004 (  9802 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7932 -10.3097 -10.1943   1.9947   2.6136   2.6315   3.1138   3.2754
     3.3437   4.9268   5.0022   5.2227

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.1148 (  9783 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.9053 -10.3221 -10.1786   2.0865   2.6374   2.8917   3.1090   3.5520
     3.7627   4.7847   4.8682   5.2339

          k = 0.0331 0.0331 0.1291 (  9799 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.9473 -10.3289 -10.1724   2.1201   2.6383   3.0214   3.0870   3.7117
     3.9182   4.6444   4.9017   5.2401

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0000 (  9824 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7291 -10.2393 -10.1832   1.6863   2.1612   2.5837   3.2089   3.3282
     4.0618   4.2209   4.7975   5.3324

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0143 (  9822 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6927 -10.2531 -10.1785   1.6789   2.1877   2.5797   3.0936   3.0942
     3.8489   4.5142   4.8148   5.3337

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0287 (  9808 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.5996 -10.2866 -10.1673   1.6501   2.2059   2.5499   2.7856   2.8116
     3.4018   4.9309   4.9800   5.3424

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0430 (  9786 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4959 -10.3180 -10.1556   1.5729   2.1106   2.2882   2.6123   2.7523
     3.1076   5.0653   5.2829   5.4175

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0574 (  9790 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4416 -10.3224 -10.1486   1.4550   2.0102   2.0763   2.5928   2.7895
     2.9830   5.1446   5.3232   5.5757

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0717 (  9790 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4416 -10.3224 -10.1486   1.4550   2.0102   2.0763   2.5928   2.7895
     2.9830   5.1446   5.3232   5.5757

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.0861 (  9786 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4959 -10.3180 -10.1556   1.5729   2.1106   2.2882   2.6123   2.7523
     3.1076   5.0653   5.2829   5.4175

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.1004 (  9808 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.5996 -10.2866 -10.1673   1.6501   2.2059   2.5499   2.7856   2.8116
     3.4018   4.9309   4.9800   5.3424

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.1148 (  9822 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6927 -10.2531 -10.1785   1.6789   2.1877   2.5797   3.0936   3.0942
     3.8489   4.5142   4.8148   5.3337

          k = 0.0331-0.0663 0.1291 (  9824 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7291 -10.2393 -10.1832   1.6863   2.1612   2.5837   3.2089   3.3282
     4.0618   4.2209   4.7975   5.3324

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0000 (  9796 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7435 -10.0858 -10.0858   1.4226   1.5741   2.0311   3.2546   3.2546
     3.9354   4.4212   4.4212   5.8232

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0143 (  9824 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7051 -10.1003 -10.1003   1.4147   1.6723   2.0326   3.0953   3.0953
     3.6257   4.6287   4.6287   5.8242

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0287 (  9788 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6050 -10.1364 -10.1364   1.3821   1.9236   2.0366   2.8181   2.8181
     2.9671   5.0251   5.0251   5.8265

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0430 (  9776 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4867 -10.1772 -10.1772   1.3002   2.0412   2.2143   2.3844   2.5954
     2.5954   5.3778   5.3778   5.8292

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0574 (  9780 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4068 -10.2037 -10.2037   1.1926   2.0441   2.1026   2.4070   2.4771
     2.4771   5.5768   5.5768   5.8310

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0717 (  9780 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4068 -10.2037 -10.2037   1.1926   2.0441   2.1026   2.4070   2.4771
     2.4771   5.5768   5.5768   5.8310

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.0861 (  9776 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.4867 -10.1772 -10.1772   1.3002   2.0412   2.2143   2.3844   2.5954
     2.5954   5.3778   5.3778   5.8292

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.1004 (  9788 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.6050 -10.1364 -10.1364   1.3821   1.9236   2.0366   2.8181   2.8181
     2.9671   5.0251   5.0251   5.8265

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.1148 (  9824 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7051 -10.1003 -10.1003   1.4147   1.6723   2.0326   3.0953   3.0953
     3.6257   4.6287   4.6287   5.8242

          k =-0.0663-0.0663 0.1291 (  9796 PWs)   bands (ev):

   -10.7435 -10.0858 -10.0858   1.4226   1.5741   2.0311   3.2546   3.2546
     3.9354   4.4212   4.4212   5.8232

     highest occupied level (ev):     5.8310



               ==================================================
                            POLARIZATION CALCULATION
                         !!! NOT THOROUGHLY TESTED !!!
               --------------------------------------------------


                     K-POINTS STRINGS USED IN CALCULATIONS
                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

       G-vector along string (2 pi/a):  0.00000  0.00000  0.12913
       Modulus of the vector (1/bohr):  0.81135
       Number of k-points per string:  10
       Number of different strings  :   6


                               IONIC POLARIZATION
                               ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        Note: (mod 1) means that the phases (angles ranging from
        -pi to pi) have been mapped to the interval [-1/2,+1/2) by
        dividing by 2*pi; (mod 2) refers to the interval [-1,+1)

  ============================================================================
    Ion    Species    Charge              Position                Phase
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1        Ba       2.000       0.0000  0.0000  0.0000     0.00000 (mod 2)
     2        Ti       4.000       3.7733  3.7733  3.7316    -0.07256 (mod 2)
     3        O        6.000       0.0000  3.7733  4.0107    -0.89254 (mod 2)
     4        O        6.000       3.7733  0.0000  4.0107    -0.89254 (mod 2)
     5        O        6.000       3.7733  3.7733  0.2426     0.18798 (mod 2)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               IONIC PHASE:   0.33034 (mod 2)
  ============================================================================


                            ELECTRONIC POLARIZATION
                            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        Note: (mod 1) means that the phases (angles ranging from
        -pi to pi) have been mapped to the interval [-1/2,+1/2) by
        dividing by 2*pi; (mod 2) refers to the interval [-1,+1)

  ============================================================================
   Spin    String     Weight      First k-point in string         Phase
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    up        1      0.062500      0.0000  0.0000  0.0000    -0.42178 (mod 1)
    up        2      0.250000      0.0000  0.0331  0.0000    -0.36716 (mod 1)
    up        3      0.125000      0.0000 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.34242 (mod 1)
    up        4      0.250000      0.0331  0.0331  0.0000    -0.31807 (mod 1)
    up        5      0.250000      0.0331 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.29548 (mod 1)
    up        6      0.062500     -0.0663 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.27514 (mod 1)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   down       1      0.062500      0.0000  0.0000  0.0000    -0.42178 (mod 1)
   down       2      0.250000      0.0000  0.0331  0.0000    -0.36716 (mod 1)
   down       3      0.125000      0.0000 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.34242 (mod 1)
   down       4      0.250000      0.0331  0.0331  0.0000    -0.31807 (mod 1)
   down       5      0.250000      0.0331 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.29548 (mod 1)
   down       6      0.062500     -0.0663 -0.0663  0.0000    -0.27514 (mod 1)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Average phase (up):  -0.33154 (mod 1)
                                      Average phase (down):  -0.33154 (mod 1)
                                          ELECTRONIC PHASE:  -0.66307 (mod 2)
  ============================================================================


                               SUMMARY OF PHASES
                               ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

                          Ionic Phase:  0.33034 (mod 2)
                     Electronic Phase: -0.66307 (mod 2)
                          TOTAL PHASE: -0.33273 (mod 2)


                             VALUES OF POLARIZATION
                             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        The calculation of phases done along the direction of vector 3
        of the reciprocal lattice gives the following contribution to
        the polarization vector (in different units, and being Omega
        the volume of the unit cell):

           P =  -2.5767155  (mod  15.4881800)  (e/Omega).bohr

           P =  -0.0058424  (mod   0.0351176)  e/bohr^2

           P =  -0.3340199  (mod   2.0077346)  C/m^2

        The polarization direction is:  ( 0.00000 , 0.00000 , 1.00000 )


               ==================================================



     Writing output data file job.save
 
     init_run     :      0.48s CPU      0.57s WALL (       1 calls)
     electrons    :     13.00s CPU     14.91s WALL (       1 calls)

     Called by init_run:
     wfcinit      :      0.00s CPU      0.02s WALL (       1 calls)
     potinit      :      0.04s CPU      0.04s WALL (       1 calls)

     Called by electrons:
     c_bands      :     12.80s CPU     14.70s WALL (       1 calls)
     v_of_rho     :      0.02s CPU      0.02s WALL (       1 calls)

     Called by c_bands:
     init_us_2    :      0.02s CPU      0.02s WALL (      60 calls)
     cegterg      :     10.93s CPU     11.04s WALL (      60 calls)

     Called by *egterg:
     h_psi        :      9.96s CPU     10.09s WALL (     950 calls)
     g_psi        :      0.13s CPU      0.14s WALL (     830 calls)
     cdiaghg      :      0.90s CPU      0.87s WALL (     890 calls)

     Called by h_psi:
     add_vuspsi   :      0.21s CPU      0.21s WALL (     950 calls)

     General routines
     calbec       :      0.21s CPU      0.27s WALL (     950 calls)
     fft          :      0.04s CPU      0.06s WALL (      11 calls)
     fftw         :      8.96s CPU      8.98s WALL (   19900 calls)
     davcio       :      0.00s CPU      1.71s WALL (     168 calls)
 
     Parallel routines
     fft_scatter  :      3.53s CPU      3.67s WALL (   19911 calls)
 
     PWSCF        :    14.38s CPU        16.85s WALL

 
   This run was terminated on:   9:13:18  20Feb2015            

=------------------------------------------------------------------------------=
   JOB DONE.
=------------------------------------------------------------------------------=



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