<div dir="ltr">Hi, everyone:<div><br></div><div>I have been doing a SO magnetic calculation on large systems (>200 atoms) using QE v5.1 (official release), and depending on number of pools, I experienced different convergence behaviors; my calculations have not been finished up to 100 iterations for both cases.</div><div>Although they are small, there are differences in total (absolute) magnetization and total energy.</div><div><span style="font-family:Menlo;font-size:11px">    </span><br></div><div><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:small">For example, I performed the same calculations using (1) 48 cores, 1 pool and (2) 96 cores, 2 pools.</span><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:small"><br></span></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:small">For (1) </span><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:small">48 cores, 1 pool, the part of results in final SCF step are as follows:</span></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total energy              =    -286.41849742 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Harris-Foulkes estimate   =    -286.41961400 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     estimated scf accuracy    <       0.00021221 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total magnetization       =     0.02     0.01    -0.01 Bohr mag/cell</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     absolute magnetization    =     9.25 Bohr mag/cell</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     End of self-consistent calculation</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">








</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     convergence NOT achieved after 100 iterations: stopping</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:small">For (2) 96</span><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:small"> cores, 2 pools, the part of results are as follows:</span><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total energy              =    -286.41898856 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Harris-Foulkes estimate   =    -286.41919445 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     estimated scf accuracy    <       0.00035870 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total magnetization       =     0.03    -0.03     0.00 Bohr mag/cell</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     absolute magnetization    =     9.10 Bohr mag/cell</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     End of self-consistent calculation</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">










</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     convergence NOT achieved after 100 iterations: stopping</p></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>For testing purposes, I also performed a calculation using example 11 with only modification of "<span style="font-family:Menlo;font-size:11px">starting_magnetization(1)=1.0" </span>in PW folder of QE v5.1.</div><div><br></div><div>In this case, difference is almost negligible, but there is clearly difference, e.g., total energy, "<span style="font-family:Menlo;font-size:11px">avg # of </span><span style="font-family:Menlo;font-size:11px;background-color:rgb(175,254,255)">iteration</span><span style="font-family:Menlo;font-size:11px">s",</span> and "<span style="font-family:Menlo;font-size:11px">polar coord.: r"</span>.</div><div>For example, I attach the results in iteration 1:</div><div><br></div><div>(1) 2 cores and 1 pool:</div><div><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Self-consistent Calculation</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     <span style="color:rgb(175,215,255);background-color:rgb(179,42,178)">iteration </span>#  1     ecut=    45.00 Ry     beta=0.70</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Davidson diagonalization with overlap</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     ethr =  1.00E-02,  avg # of iterations =  3.0</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"> ==============================================================================</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     atom number    1 relative position :    0.0000   0.0000   0.0000</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     charge :     6.365455</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     magnetization :          0.000000   -0.000000    4.270383</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     magnetization/charge:    0.000000   -0.000000    0.670868</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     polar coord.: r, theta, phi [deg] :     4.270383    0.000000  360.000000</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"> ==============================================================================</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total cpu time spent up to now is        4.1 secs</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total energy              =    -141.70484542 Ry</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Harris-Foulkes estimate   =    -141.58797205 Ry</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     estimated scf accuracy    <       0.30762031 Ry</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total magnetization       =     0.00    -0.00     3.44 Bohr mag/cell</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     absolute magnetization    =     3.44 Bohr mag/cell</p></div><div><br></div><div>(2) 4 cores and 2 pools</div><div><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Self-consistent Calculation</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     <span style="color:rgb(175,215,255);background-color:rgb(179,42,178)">iteration</span> #  1     ecut=    45.00 Ry     beta=0.70</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Davidson diagonalization with overlap</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     ethr =  1.00E-02,  avg # of <span style="background-color:rgb(175,254,255)">iteration</span>s =  3.2</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"> ==============================================================================</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     atom number    1 relative position :    0.0000   0.0000   0.0000</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     charge :     6.365481</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     magnetization :          0.000000   -0.000000    4.270286</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     magnetization/charge:    0.000000   -0.000000    0.670850</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     polar coord.: r, theta, phi [deg] :     4.270286    0.000000  360.000000</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo"> ==============================================================================</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total cpu time spent up to now is        4.0 secs</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total energy              =    -141.70484225 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     Harris-Foulkes estimate   =    -141.58795749 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     estimated scf accuracy    <       0.30758887 Ry</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo;min-height:13px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     total magnetization       =     0.00     0.00     3.44 Bohr mag/cell</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">





















</p><p style="margin:0px;font-size:11px;font-family:Menlo">     absolute magnetization    =     3.44 Bohr mag/cell</p></div><div><br></div><div> </div><div>Is this just an inevitable numerical noise?</div><div><br></div><div>To my knowledge, it seems that just change of number of pools can't change the results at each SCF step.</div><div><br></div><div>Thanks in advance.</div><div><br></div><div>Regards.</div><div><br></div><div>H. Lee</div></div>