<html><head><style type='text/css'>p { margin: 0; }</style></head><body><div style='font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000'><P>Dear all,</P>
<P> </P>
<P>I use atom pseudopotential files to do the scf calculation, but I can't know their valence state. Could you tell me how to identify the valence state of each ion in BaTiO3 using QE? Say, how can I know that the Ba is Ba2+ or O is O2-?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>Thanks,</P>
<P>Liwei<BR></P></div></body></html>