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<div>Dear Paolo
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<div>First of all thanks a lot because of your answer. But, I have to
make my question clear.As you said for phonon calculations, external
potential depends on ionic displacements, and these diplacements are enough
small to provide harmonic conditions (I agree with this
part). So, phonons can be calculated and it means tempreture
isn't used directly. In. addition the source of these displacements in
crystals is temperature, and it sometimes causes that crystal
doesn't have smooth surface for
example in room temperature. now, I want to know that can I say that
the calculations consist of this surface flactuations?
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<div>Best
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<div>Mehrnaz
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