<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Dear all,</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">I have calculated the polarization of KNbO3 using the Berry Phase. The atomic position and lattice constants of input are all same with the experimental values. The computed polarization is 1.1201929 C/m^2,but the experimental polarization is about 0.37 C/m^2. I even use the espressov.4.0cvs to calculate, but the result is similar. I have also tried to calculate the Born effective charge using ph.x, through the effective charge I get the polarization which is 0.44 C/m^2. I don¡¯t know why there is so much difference between the two kinds of method and why the calculated polarization through Berry phase is so large. Any suggestion is appreciated.</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">This is the Scf¡¯s input</FONT></DIV> <DIV
class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">&control</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>calculation<SPAN> </SPAN>= 'scf'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>restart_mode = 'from_scratch'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>pseudo_dir<SPAN> </SPAN>= '/home/pseudo/'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>outdir<SPAN> </SPAN>= '/home/tmp/'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>/</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier
New"><SPAN> </SPAN>&system</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ibrav=6</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>celldm(1)=7.5532353215993782928038366689241</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>celldm(3)=1.016512384288216162121591193395</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>nat=5</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ntyp=3</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>nbnd=20</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier
New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ecutwfc=30.0</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ecutrho =300.0</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>occupations = 'fixed'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>degauss=0.00</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>/</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>&electrons</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>diagonalization ='cg'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>conv_thr =
1e-12,</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>mixing_beta=0.3,</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>/</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">ATOMIC_SPECIES</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>K<SPAN> </SPAN>39.0983<SPAN> </SPAN>019-K-ca-sp-vgrp.uspp.UPF </FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>Nb<SPAN> </SPAN>92.90638<SPAN> </SPAN>041-Nb-ca-sp-vgrp.uspp.UPF </FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>O<SPAN> </SPAN>15.9994<SPAN> </SPAN>008-O-ca--vgrp.uspp.UPF</FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">ATOMIC_POSITIONS (crystal)</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">K<SPAN> </SPAN>0.5<SPAN> </SPAN>0.5<SPAN> </SPAN>0.518</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">Nb<SPAN> </SPAN>0.000000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.000000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.0</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">O<SPAN> </SPAN>0.500000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.04</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier
New">O<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.500000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.04</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">O<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.544</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN><FONT face="Courier New"></FONT></SPAN> </DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">K_POINTS {automatic}</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>6 6 3 1 1 1</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"></FONT> </DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">This is the BP¡¯s input</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">&control</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>calculation<SPAN> </SPAN>= 'nscf'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>pseudo_dir<SPAN> </SPAN>= '/home/pseudo/'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>outdir<SPAN> </SPAN>= '/home/tmp/'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>lberry<SPAN> </SPAN>= .true.</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN>
</SPAN>gdir<SPAN> </SPAN>= 3</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>nppstr<SPAN> </SPAN>= 9</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>/</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">&system</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ibrav=6</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>celldm(1)=7.5532353215993782928038366689241</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>celldm(3)=1.016512384288216162121591193395</FONT></DIV> <DIV
class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>nat=5</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN><SPAN> </SPAN>ntyp=3</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>nbnd=20</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ecutwfc=30.0</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>ecutrho =300.0</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>occupations = 'fixed'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>degauss=0.00<SPAN>
</SPAN></FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>/</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>&electrons</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>diagonalization ='cg'</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>conv_thr<SPAN> </SPAN>= 1e-5</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>mixing_beta<SPAN> </SPAN>= 0.3</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>/</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">ATOMIC_SPECIES</FONT></DIV> <DIV
class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>K<SPAN> </SPAN>39.0983<SPAN> </SPAN>019-K-ca-sp-vgrp.uspp.UPF</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>Nb<SPAN> </SPAN>92.90638<SPAN> </SPAN>041-Nb-ca-sp-vgrp.uspp.UPF </FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>O<SPAN> </SPAN>15.9994<SPAN> </SPAN>008-O-ca--vgrp. uspp.UPF</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">ATOMIC_POSITIONS (crystal)</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">K<SPAN> </SPAN>0.5<SPAN>
</SPAN>0.5<SPAN> </SPAN>0.518</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">Nb<SPAN> </SPAN>0.000000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.000000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.0</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">O<SPAN> </SPAN>0.500000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.04</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">O<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.500000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.04</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">O<SPAN> </SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN>
</SPAN>0.00000000<SPAN> </SPAN>0.544</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"></FONT> </DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New">K_POINTS {automatic}</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN> </SPAN>6 6 9<SPAN> </SPAN>1 1 1</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Courier New"></FONT> </DIV> <DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Thanks in advance.</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Zhanfang Li</FONT></DIV> <DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Joint training student, Penn State University, USA</FONT></SPAN></DIV><p>
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